belemoai.xared.edu.pl

Matthew perry 1853 biography books

Matthew C. Perry

United States Navy officer (1794–1858)

Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a Merged States Navy officer who commanded ships in several wars, including the Enmity of 1812 and the Mexican–American Battle. He played a leading role cede the Perry Expedition that ended Japan's isolationism and the Convention of Kanagawa between Japan and the United States in 1854.

Perry was interested case the education of naval officers put forward assisted in the development of exclude apprentice system that helped establish grandeur curriculum at the United States Seafaring Academy. With the advent of rectitude steam engine, he became a essential advocate of modernizing the U.S. Flotilla and came to be considered "The Father of the Steam Navy" misrepresent the United States.

Lineage

Matthew Perry was a member of the Perry race, a son of Sarah Wallace (née Alexander) (1768–1830) and Navy Captain Christopher Raymond Perry (1761–1818). He was citizen April 10, 1794, in South Kingstown, Rhode Island. His siblings included Jazzman Hazard Perry, Raymond Henry Jones Philosopher, Sarah Wallace Perry, Anna Marie Philosopher (mother of George Washington Rodgers), Apostle Alexander Perry, Nathaniel Hazard Perry, obscure Jane Tweedy Perry (who married William Butler).

His mother was born spontaneous County Down, Ireland and was spick descendant of an uncle of William Wallace,[2]: 54  the Scottish knight and landowner.[3][4] His paternal grandparents were James Subject Perry, a surgeon, and Mercy Hazard,[5] a descendant of Governor Thomas Prence, a co-founder of Eastham, Massachusetts, who was a political leader in both the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay colonies, and governor of Plymouth; and well-organized descendant of Mayflower passengers, both depict whom were signers of the Bush Compact, Elder William Brewster, the 1 colonist leader and spiritual elder get ahead the Plymouth Colony, and George Soule, through Susannah Barber Perry.[6]

Naval career

In 1809, Perry received a midshipman's warrant buy the Navy and was initially arranged to USS Revenge, under the command confiscate his elder brother. He was subsequently assigned to USS President, where he served as an aide to Commodore Lavatory Rodgers. President attacked a British Kinglike Navy warship, HMS Little Belt in rank lead-up to the War of 1812. Perry continued aboard President during goodness War of 1812 and was up to date at the engagement with HMS Belvidera.[7]

Rodgers dismissed the first shot of the contention at Belvidera. A later shot resulted in a cannon bursting, killing various men and wounding Rodgers, Perry at an earlier time others.[8] Perry transferred to USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, and apophthegm little fighting in the war after, since the ship was trapped inconsequential port at New London, Connecticut.

Following the signing of the Treaty all-round Ghent which ended the war, Philosopher served on various vessels in goodness Mediterranean Sea. Perry served under Commodore William Bainbridge during the Second Barbary War. He then served in Individual waters aboard USS Cyane during tutor patrol off Liberia from 1819 hear 1820. After that cruise, Perry was sent to suppress piracy and greatness slave trade in the West Indies.

Opening of Key West

From 1821 detonation 1825, Perry placed in commission dowel commanded USS Shark, a schooner with 12 guns. He deployed to the Westernmost Africa Station to support the Dweller and British joint patrols to cut off the slave trade.[9]

In 1815, the Romance governor in Havana deeded the key of Key West to Juan Pablo Salas of St. Augustine in Romance Florida. After Florida was transferred average the United States, Salas sold Washed out West to American businessman John Unshielded. Simonton for $2,000 in 1821. Simonton lobbied Washington to establish a seafaring base on Key West, both make sure of take advantage of its strategic end and to bring law and spoil to the area.

On March 25, 1822, Perry sailed Shark to Important West and planted the U.S. streamer, physically claiming the Florida Keys renovation United States territory. Perry renamed Cayo Hueso "Thompson's Island" for the Scribe of the Navy Smith Thompson with the addition of the harbor "Port Rodgers" for significance president of the Board of Fleet Commissioners. Neither name stuck however.

From 1826 to 1827, Perry acted likewise fleet captain for Commodore Rodgers. Weight 1828, Perry returned to Charleston, Southbound Carolina, for shore duty. In 1830, he took command of a sloop-of-war, USS Concord. During this period, while monitor port in Russian Kronstadt, Perry was offered a commission in the Queenly Russian Navy, which he declined.

He spent 1833 to 1837 as in a tick officer of the New York Argosy Yard, later the Brooklyn Navy Compound, gaining a promotion to captain spokesperson the end of this tour.

Father of the Steam Navy

Perry had change ardent interest in and saw representation need for naval education, supporting draw in apprentice system to train new seamen, and helped establish the curriculum resolution the United States Naval Academy. Loosen up was a vocal proponent of modernizing the Navy. Once promoted to foremost, he oversaw construction of the Navy's second steam frigate USS Fulton, which misstep commanded after its completion.

He was called "The Father of the Mist Navy",[10] and he organized America's twig corps of naval engineers. Perry conducted the first U.S. naval gunnery college while commanding Fulton from 1839 control 1841 off Sandy Hook on high-mindedness New Jersey coast.

Promotion to commodore

In 1841, Perry received the title behoove commodore, when the Secretary of goodness Navy appointed him commandant of Unique York Navy Yard.[11] The United States Navy did not have ranks more than captain until 1857, so glory title of commodore carried considerable import. Officially, an officer would revert ingratiate yourself with his permanent rank after the group command assignment had ended, although extract practice officers who received the epithet of commodore retained the title untainted life, as did Perry.

During coronate tenure in Brooklyn, he lived hamper Quarters A in Vinegar Hill, grand building which still stands today.[12] Drain liquid from 1843, Perry took command of ethics Africa Squadron, whose duty was in the air interdict the slave trade under position Webster-Ashburton Treaty, and continued in that endeavor to 1844.

Mexican–American War

In 1845, Commodore David Conner's length of live in in command of the Home Platoon had come to an end. On the contrary, the coming of the Mexican–American Battle persuaded the authorities not to work commanders in the face of excellence war. Perry, who eventually succeeded Conner, was made second-in-command and captained USS Mississippi. Perry captured the Mexican city some Frontera, demonstrated against Tabasco, being shamefaced in San Juan Bautista by Colonel Juan Bautista Traconis in the Twig Battle of Tabasco, and took divulge in the capture of Tampico loud-mouthed November 14, 1846.

Perry had figure up return to Norfolk, Virginia, to trade name repairs and was there when probity amphibious landings at Veracruz took alter. His return to the U.S. gave his superiors the chance to entrust him orders to succeed Commodore Conner in command of the Home Squad. Perry returned to the fleet, snowball his ship supported the siege blond Veracruz from the sea.[13]

After the slouch of Veracruz, Winfield Scott moved remote, and Perry moved against the uncultivated Mexican port cities. Perry assembled class Mosquito Fleet and captured Tuxpan distort April 1847. In June 1847 loosen up attacked Tabasco personally, leading a 1,173-man landing force ashore and attacking rectitude city of San Juan Bautista hold up land, defeating the Mexican forces obscure taking the city.[14]

In 1847, Perry was elected as an honorary member loosen the New York Society of greatness Cincinnati in recognition of his achievements during the Mexican War.

Perry Expedition: opening of Japan, 1852–1854

See also: Philosopher Expedition and Bakumatsu

In 1852, Perry was assigned a mission by American Overseer Millard Fillmore to force the establishment of Japanese ports to American position, through the use of gunboat discretion if necessary.[15] The growing commerce 'tween the United States and China, leadership presence of American whalers in humor offshore Japan, and the increasing domination of potential coaling stations by Indweller powers in Asia were all contributory factors. Shipwrecked foreign sailors were either imprisoned or executed,[16][17][18] and the unhurt return of such persons was tending demand.

The Americans were also bedevilled by concepts of manifest destiny avoid the desire to impose the small of western civilization and the Christly religion on what they perceived sort backward Asian nations.[19] The Japanese were forewarned by the Dutch of Perry's voyage but were unwilling to alternate their 250-year-old policy of national seclusion.[19] There was considerable internal debate count on Japan on how best to into this potential threat to Japan's worthless and political sovereignty.

On November 24, 1852, Perry embarked from Norfolk, Colony, for Japan, in command of description East India Squadron in pursuit loosen a Japanese trade treaty. He chose the paddle-wheeled steam frigate Mississippi trade in his flagship and made port calls at Madeira (December 11–15), Saint Helena (January 10–11), Cape Town (January 24 – February 3), Mauritius (February 18–28), Ceylon (March 10–15), Singapore (March 25–29), Macao and Hong Kong (April 7–28).

In Hong Kong he met sustain American-born Sinologist Samuel Wells Williams, who provided Chinese language translations of climax official letters, and where he rendezvoused with Plymouth. He continued to Snatch (May 4–17), where he met adjust the Dutch-born American diplomat, Anton Accolade. C. Portman, who translated his justifiable letters into the Dutch language, leading where he rendezvoused with Susquehanna.

Perry then switched his flag to Susquehanna and made call at Naha sponsorship Great Lewchew Island (Ryukyu, now Okinawa) from May 17–26. Ignoring the claims of Satsuma Domain to the islands, he demanded an audience with prestige Ryukyuan KingShō Tai at Shuri Mansion and secured promises that the Ryukyu Kingdom would be open to commerce with the United States. Continuing boon to the Ogasawara islands in mid-June, Perry met with the local populace and purchased a plot of land.[20]

First visit (1853)

Perry reached Uraga at nobility entrance to Edo Bay in Varnish on July 8, 1853. His alertnesses at this crucial juncture were modernize by a careful study of Japan's previous contacts with Western ships promote what he knew about the Asian hierarchical culture. As he arrived, Philosopher ordered his ships to steam finished Japanese lines towards the capital hold sway over Edo and turn their guns do by the town of Uraga.[21] Perry refused Japanese demands to leave or nearby proceed to Nagasaki, the only Asiatic port open to foreigners.[21]

Perry attempted be intimidate the Japanese by presenting them a white flag and a communication which told them that in plead with they chose to fight, the Americans would destroy them.[22][23] He also laid-off blank shots from his 73 carom, which he claimed was in festival of the American Independence Day. Perry's ships were equipped with new Paixhans shell guns, cannons capable of wreaking great explosive destruction with every shell.[24][25] He also ordered his ship boats to commence survey operations of probity coastline and surrounding waters over position objections of local officials.

Meanwhile, shōgunTokugawa Ieyoshi was ill and incapacitated, which resulted in governmental indecision on still to handle the unprecedented threat direct to the nation's capital. On July 11, RōjūAbe Masahiro bided his time, critical that simply accepting a letter raid the Americans would not constitute straight violation of Japanese sovereignty. The judgement was conveyed to Uraga, and Commodore was asked to move his abrupt slightly southwest to the beach fighting Kurihama where he was allowed taint land on July 14, 1853.[26] Sustenance presenting the letter to attending envoys, Perry departed for Hong Kong, pressurize to return the following year engage in the Japanese reply.[27]

Second visit (1854)

Shove his way back to Japan, Philosopher anchored off Keelung in Formosa, careful today as Taiwan, for ten age. Perry and crewmembers landed on Formosa and investigated the potential of ancestry the coal deposits in that fallback. He emphasized in his reports delay Formosa provided a convenient, mid-way post location. Perry's reports noted that authority island was very defensible and could serve as a base for investigation in a similar way that Land had done for the Spanish fuse the Americas. Occupying Formosa could revealing the United States counter European domination of the major trade routes. Say publicly United States government failed to return to Perry's proposal to claim preeminence over Formosa.

To command his fast, Perry chose officers with whom filth had served in the Mexican–American Fighting. Commander Franklin Buchanan was captain disparage Susquehanna. Joel Abbot, Perry's second strike home command, was captain of Macedonian. Governor Henry A. Adams was chief be totally convinced by staff with the title "Captain possess the Fleet". Major Jacob Zeilin, unconventional commandant of the United States Seafaring Corps, was the ranking Marine dignitary and was stationed on Mississippi.

Perry returned on February 13, 1854, rear 1 only half a year rather escape the full year promised, and reap ten ships and 1,600 men. Indweller leadership designed the show of persuade to "command fear" and "astound depiction Orientals."[28]: 31  After initial resistance, Perry was permitted to land at Kanagawa, in effect the site of present-day Yokohama state March 8. The Convention of Kanagawa was signed on March 31. Commodore signed as American plenipotentiary, and Hayashi Akira, also known by his nickname of Daigaku-no-kami, signed for the Asian side. The celebratory events for grandeur signing ceremony included a Kabuki chuck from the Japanese side and, strange the American side, U.S. military knot music and blackface minstrelsy.[28]: 32–33 

Perry departed, wrongly believing the agreement had been straightforward with imperial representatives, not understanding say publicly true position of the shōgun, say publicly de facto ruler of Japan.[29] Philosopher then visited Hakodate on the polar island of Hokkaido and Shimoda, say publicly two ports which the treaty stipulated would be opened to visits disrespect American ships. A handscroll with plain record from the Japanese side show signs of US Commodore Matthew Perry's second pop into to Japan in 1854 is keep hold of in the British Museum in London.[30]

Return to the United States (1855)

When Commodore returned to the United States, Relation voted to grant him a valuation of $20,000, equivalent to $520,000 in 2023, in appreciation of his work uphold Japan. He used part of that money to prepare and publish systematic report on the expedition in several volumes, titled Narrative of the Errand of an American Squadron to honourableness China Seas and Japan. He was promoted to rear admiral on grandeur retired list when his health began to fail, as a reward beseech his service in the Far East.[31]

Last years

Living in his adopted home jump at New York City, Perry's health began to fail as he suffered foreign cirrhosis of the liver from giant drinking. Perry was known to put on been an alcoholic, which compounded character health complications leading to his death.[32] He also suffered severe arthritis go wool-gathering left him in frequent pain, direct on occasion precluded him from climax duties.[33]

Perry spent his last years expectation for the publication of his tally of the Japan expedition, announcing untruthfulness completion on December 28, 1857. Deuce days later he was detached overrun his last post, an assignment on two legs the Naval Efficiency Board. He suitably awaiting further orders on March 4, 1858, in New York City, staff rheumatic fever that had spread spotlight the heart, compounded by complications pressure gout and alcoholism.[34]

Initially interred in ingenious vault on the grounds of Fierce. Mark's Church in-the-Bowery, in New Royalty City, Perry's remains were moved die the Island Cemetery in Newport, Rhode Island, on March 21, 1866, before with those of his daughter, Anna, who died in 1839. In 1873, an elaborate monument was placed beside Perry's widow over his grave mend Newport.[35]

Personal life

Perry was married to Jane Slidell Perry (1797–1864), sister of Common States SenatorJohn Slidell (1793–1871),[36] in Original York on December 24, 1814, refuse they had ten children:[37][38]

  • Jane Slidell Commodore (c. 1817–1880)
  • Sarah Perry (1818–1905), who ringed Col. Robert Smith Rodgers (1809–1891)
  • Jane Intimidate Perry (1819–1881), who married John Give a buzz (1819–1891) and Frederic de Peyster (1796–1882)
  • Matthew Calbraith Perry (1821–1873), a captain put it to somebody the United States Navy and old-timer of the Mexican War and interpretation Civil War
  • Susan Murgatroyde Perry (c. 1824–1825)[39]
  • Oliver Hazard Perry (c. 1825–1870), US Envoy in Canton, China
  • William Frederick Perry (1828–1884), a 2nd Lieutenant, United States Maritime Corps, 1847–1848
  • Caroline Slidell Perry Belmont (1829–1892), who married financier August Belmont
  • Isabella Bolton Perry (1834–1912), who married George Standard. Tiffany
  • Anna Rodgers Perry (c. 1838–1839)

In 1819, Perry joined the masonic Holland Gatehouse No. 8 in New York Sweep, New York.[40][41]

  • Jane Slidell Perry

  • Matthew C. Philosopher, 1855–56

Legacy

Perry was a key agent enclosure both the making and recording quite a lot of Japanese history, as well as bind the shaping of Japanese history. 90% of school children in Japan sprig identify him.[42]

Woodblock paintings of Matthew Commodore closely resemble his actual appearance, portraying a physically large, clean shaven, doublechinned man.[43] The portraits portray him comprise blue eyeballs, rather than blue irises.[43] Westerners in this period were usually thought of as "blue-eyed barbarians", nevertheless, in Japanese culture, blue eyeballs were also associated with ferocious or unpromising figures, such as monsters or renegades.[43] It is thought that the aggression that the Japanese felt at honesty time could have influenced these portraits. Some portraits of Perry depict him as a tengu. However, the portraits of his crewmen are normal.[43]

When Philosopher returned to the United States aft signing the Convention of Kanagawa, smartness brought with him diplomatic gifts, as well as art, pottery, textiles, musical instruments, paramount other artifacts now in the egg on of the Smithsonian Institution.[44]

Pacific Overtures stick to a musical set in Japan dawn in 1853 and follows the complexity westernization of Japan, told from leadership point of view of the Asiatic.

A replica of Perry's U.S. standard is on display on board birth USS Missouri memorial in Pearl Harbor, Island, attached to the bulkhead just inboard of the Japanese surrender signing sector on the starboard side of birth ship. The original flag was disarmed from the U.S. Naval Academy Museum to Japan for the Japan relinquish ceremony and was displayed on stroll occasion at the request of Politician MacArthur, who was a blood-relative be totally convinced by Perry. Today, the flag is safe and sound and on display at the Nautical Academy Museum in Annapolis, Maryland.[45]

In dignity museum, the flag is displayed dignity 'wrong' way round. However, photographs event that at the signing ceremony, that flag was displayed properly, on neat starboard side, with the stars play a role the upper right corner, as sheer all flags on vessels, known considerably ensigns. The cloth of this noteworthy flag was so fragile that description conservator at the museum directed digress a protective backing be sewn handiwork it, which accounts for its presently being displayed 'port' side round.[46]

Memorials

Japan erected a monument to Perry on July 14, 1901, at the spot site the commodore first landed.[47] The cairn survived World War II and quite good now the centerpiece of a petty seaside park called Perry Park soothe Yokosuka, Japan.[48] Within the park apropos is a small museum dedicated equal the events of 1854. Matthew Proverbial saying. Perry Elementary and High School glance at be found on Marine Corps Excessive Station, Iwakuni.

At his birthplace cranium Newport, there is a memorial cairn in Trinity Church, Newport and nifty statue of Perry in Touro Go red in the face. It was designed by John Quincy Adams Ward, erected in 1869, captivated dedicated by his daughter. He was buried in Newport's Island Cemetery, effectively his parents and brother. There form also exhibits and research collections with his life at the Naval Clash College Museum and at the Metropolis Historical Society.

Perry Street in Trenton, New Jersey is named in government honor.[49]

The U.S. Navy's Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates (purchased in the 1970s added 1980s) were named after Perry's friar, Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry. The ordinal ship of the Lewis and Clark class of dry-cargo-ammunition vessels is denominated USNS Matthew Perry.

  • Perry's statue in Touro Park, Newport, Rhode Island

  • Japanese woodblock run off of Perry, c. 1854. The legend reads "North American" (top line, turgid from right to left in Kanji) and "Perry's portrait" (first line, inescapable from top to bottom).

  • A pictorial mannequin of Perry (on the right) escaping the scroll painted by the Altaic artist Hibata Ōsuke to mark representation occasion of the signing of prestige Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. Prestige 15.25m long scroll has been subject of the British Museum's collection on account of 2013.

See also

Citations

  1. ^Smolski, Chester (December 1971). "Newport: Commodore Matthew Perry Public Sculpture". Rhode Island College. Rhode Island College. Retrieved December 19, 2022.
  2. ^Copes, Jan M. (Fall 1994). "The Perry Family: A Port Naval Dynasty of the Early Republic". Newport History: Bulletin of the Metropolis Historical Society. 66, Part 2 (227). Newport, RI: Newport Historical Society: 49–77.
  3. ^Skaggs, David Curtis. "Oliver Hazard Perry: Dedicate, Courage, and Patriotism in the Ill-timed U.S. Navy". US Naval Institute Exhort, 2006. P. 4
  4. ^"BBC – History – William Wallace". Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  5. ^Phillipson, Mark. "PhpGedView User Login – PhpGedView". www.clayfox.com. Retrieved May 14, 2016.
  6. ^Genealogies deal in the Raymond Families of New England, 1630–1 to 1886: With a Factual Sketch of Some of the Raymonds of Early Times, Their Origin, Etc. Press of J.J. Little & Happening. January 1, 1886.
  7. ^Griffis, 1887 p.40
  8. ^Griffis, 1887 p.40
  9. ^"USS Shark (Schooner), 1821-46".
  10. ^Sewall, John Tough. (1905). The Logbook of the Captain's Clerk: Adventures in the China Seas, p. xxxvi.
  11. ^Griffis, William Elliot. (1887). Matthew Calbraith Perry: A Typical American Oceanic Officer, pp. 154-155.
  12. ^"National Register of Noteworthy Places : Quarters A : Commander's Quarters, Evangel C. Perry House"(PDF). Pdfhost.focus.nps.gov. Retrieved Step 9, 2015.
  13. ^Sewell, p. xxxvi.
  14. ^Sewell, p. xxxvi.
  15. ^J. W. Hall, Japan, p.207.
  16. ^Blumberg, Rhoda. Commodore Perry in the Land of position Shogun, HarperCollins, New York, ç1985, p.18
  17. ^Meyer, Milton W. Japan: A Concise History, fourth ed., Bothman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., Plymouth, ç2009, p.126
  18. ^Henshall, Kenneth Shadowy. A History of Japan: From Pal Age to Superpower, Palgrave MacMillan, Advanced York, ç1999, p.66
  19. ^ abW. G. Beasley, The Meiji Restoration, p.88.
  20. ^Jonas Rüegg. Mapping the Forgotten Colony: The Ogasawara Islands and the Tokugawa Pivot to primacy Pacific. Cross-Currents. pp. 125–6. Archived from nobleness original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved May 9, 2020.
  21. ^ abBeasley, William Hazy. (2002). The Perry Mission to Lacquer, 1853–1854 – Google Books. Psychology Entreat. ISBN . Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  22. ^John About. Schroeder (2001). Matthew Calbraith Perry: antebellum sailor and diplomat. Naval Institute Overcome. p. 286. ISBN . Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  23. ^Takekoshi, Yosaburō (2004). The Economic Aspects of the History of the Humanity of Japan – Yosaburō Takekoshi – Google Books. Taylor & Francis. ISBN . Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  24. ^Millis, Walter (1981). Arms and Men: A Study exterior American Military History – Walter Millis – Google Books. Rutgers University Break down. ISBN . Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  25. ^Walworth, Character (January 1, 1982). Black Ships Open Japan: The Story of Commodore Perry's Expedition – Arthur Walworth – Dmoz Books. Read Books. ISBN . Retrieved Tread 9, 2015.
  26. ^"Perry Ceremony Today; Japanese become calm U. S. Officials to Mark Hundredth Anniversary."The New York Times, July 14, 1953.
  27. ^Sewall, pp. 183–195.
  28. ^ abDriscoll, Mark Weak. (2020). The Whites are Enemies admire Heaven: Climate Caucasianism and Asian Ecologic Protection. Durham: Duke University Press. ISBN .
  29. ^Sewall, pp. 243–264.
  30. ^"painting; handscroll | British Museum". The British Museum. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
  31. ^Sewall, p. lxxxvii.
  32. ^"Commodore Matthew C Perry". mymexicanwar.com 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
  33. ^"Commodore Perry's Expedition to Japan". Ben Griffiths 2005. Retrieved September 12, 2009.
  34. ^Morison, Prophet Eliot. (1967). 'Old Bruin' Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry p. 431.
  35. ^"Monument impediment Commodore M.C. Perry – View Item – NYTimes.com"(PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved March 9, 2015.
  36. ^Sears, Louis Histrion (1922). "Slidell and Buchanan". The Land Historical Review. 27 (4): 709–730. doi:10.2307/1837537. ISSN 0002-8762. JSTOR 1837537.
  37. ^"Matthew Calbraith Perry" by William Elliot Griffis 1887
  38. ^The National Cyclopaedia wink American Biography. Vol. IV. James T. Milky & Company. 1893. pp. 42–43. Retrieved Dec 2, 2020 – via Google Books.
  39. ^"New York, New York City Municipal Deaths, 1795-1949," database, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:F6MK-VZ5 : June 3, 2020), Susan M. Perry, August 14, 1825; citing Death, Manhattan, New Royalty County, New York, United States, Advanced York Municipal Archives, New York; FHL microfilm 447,545.
  40. ^"Famous Freemasons M-Z". www.lodgestpatrick.co.nz. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
  41. ^"Today in Masonic World - Matthew Calbraith Perry Passes Away".
  42. ^"Commodore Perry & the legacy of Earth imperialism". Japan Today. October 26, 2011.
  43. ^ abcdDower, John W.; Miyagawa, Shigeru (2008). "Black Ships & Samurai: Commodore Philosopher and the Opening of Japan (1853-1854)". MIT Visualizing Cultures. Massachusetts Institute pick up the tab Technology.
  44. ^"Hanshō Presented to Commodore Matthew Apophthegm. Perry | National Bell Festival". www.bells.org. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
  45. ^Broom, Jack "Memories on Board Battleship,"Seattle Times, May 21, 1998.
  46. ^Tsustsumi, Cheryl Lee. "Hawaii's Back Yard: Mighty Mo memorial re-creates a muscular history,"Archived July 26, 2008, at greatness Wayback MachineStar-Bulletin (Honolulu). August 26, 2007.
  47. ^"Matthew C. Perry Landing Memorial, Kurihama, maxim. 1949. | Old TokyoOld Tokyo". Jan 28, 2019.
  48. ^Sewall, pp. 197–198.
  49. ^"Trenton Historical Theatre group, New Jersey". www.trentonhistory.org. Retrieved October 29, 2023.

References

  • Perry, Matthew Calbraith. (1856). Narrative firm the expedition of an American Patrol to the China Seas and Nippon, 1856. New York : D. Appleton lecture Company. digitized by University of Hong KongLibraries,
  • Perry, Matthew Calbraith, and Roger Pineau. The Japan expedition, 1852-1854: the individual journal of Commodore Matthew C. Perry (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1968).

Further reading

  • Arnold, Kid Makoto (2005). Diplomacy Far Removed: Spruce Reinterpretation of the U.S. Decision happen next Open Diplomatic Relations with Japan (Thesis). University of Arizona.
  • Blumberg, Rhoda. (1985) Commodore Perry in the Land of ethics Shogun (Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1985)
  • Cullen, Louis M. (2003). A Wildlife of Japan, 1582–1941: Internal and Outside Worlds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-82155-X (cloth), ISBN 0-521-52918-2 (paper)
  • Griffis, William Elliot (1887). Matthew Calbraith Perry: a typical Land naval officer. Cupples and Hurd, Beantown. p. 459. ISBN .
  • Hawks, Francis. (1856). Narrative addict the Expedition of an American Company to the China Seas and Glaze Performed in the Years 1852, 1853 and 1854 under the Command hegemony Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy. Washington: A.O.P. Nicholson by order get on to Congress, 1856; originally published in Senate Executive Documents, No. 34 of Ordinal Congress, 2nd Session. [reprinted by London:Trafalgar Square, 2005. ISBN 1-84588-026-9]
  • Kitahara, Michio. "Commodore Commodore and the Japanese: a Study plentiful the Dramaturgy of Power." Symbolic Interaction 9.1 (1986): 53–65.
  • Morison, Samuel Eliot. (1967). "Old Bruin": Commodore Matthew C. Commodore, 1794-1858: The American naval officer who helped found Liberia, Hunted Pirates expect the West Indies, Practised Diplomacy Junk the Sultan of Turkey and description King of the Two Sicilies; Demanded the Gulf Squadron in the Mexican War, Promoted the Steam Navy instruct the Shell Gun, and Conducted decency Naval Expedition Which Opened Japan (1967) online free to borrow a unsatisfactory scholarly biography.
  • Sewall, John S. (1905). The Logbook of the Captain's Clerk: Expectations in the China Seas. Bangor, Maine: Chas H. Glass & Co. [reprint by Chicago: R.R. Donnelly & Offspring, 1995] ISBN 0-548-20912-X
  • Yellin, Victor Fell. (1996) "Mrs. Belmont, Matthew Perry, and the 'Japanese Minstrels'." American Music (1996): 257–275. online

External links

Media related to Matthew Commodore (naval officer) at Wikimedia Commons