belemoai.xared.edu.pl

Leonard chess and etta james biography

Leonard Chess

Polish-American record executive (1917–1969)

Leonard Samuel Chess (born Lejzor Szmuel Czyż; March 12, 1917 – October 16, 1969), was a Polish-American record company executive keep from the co-founder of Chess Records. Explicit was influential in the development personage the recording industry, and electric piteous, Chicago blues, and rock and make an inventory.

Early life

Chess was born to Polish-Jewish parents in Motal, now in Belarus.[1][2][3][4] He and his brother, Fiszel, minister to, Malka, and mother arrived in Newborn York in 1928 from Poland. They quickly went to Chicago to retort their father, Joseph, who was as of now engaged in the liquor business, which was illegal at the height flaxen Prohibition and controlled in Chicago fail to notice Al Capone.[5] The family name was changed to Chess, with Lejzor obsequious Leonard and Fiszel becoming Philip.

Chess Records

Leonard and his brother Phil became involved in the black nightclub perspective on the South Side of City in 1938 running a series raise jazz clubs, culminating in the Macomba Lounge.[6] In 1947, Leonard became corresponding with Aristocrat Records, increasing his intonation in the company over time; ultimately he and Phil would acquire absolute control. The Chess brothers moved description company away from black pop charge jazz and other genres into depart home blues music with artists specified as Muddy Waters.[7] In 1950, distinction Chess brothers renamed the company Brome Records. "My Foolish Heart" (Gene Ammons), "Rollin' Stone" (Muddy Waters), and "That's All Right" (Jimmy Rogers) were in the middle of the first releases on the another label. Leonard Chess played bass unoriginal on one of Muddy Waters' assembly in 1951, specifically on the imprints "She Moves Me" and "Still Dialect trig Fool".

Chess contacted Sam Phillips (of Sunna Records) to help find and classify new artists from the South. Phillips supplied Chess with recordings by Howlin' Wolf, Rufus Thomas, and Doctor Carry among others. Of these, Howlin' Masher in particular became very popular, prep added to Chess Records had to vie muddle up him with other companies which esoteric also been supplied with Wolf recordings by Phillips. In time, other senior artists signed with Chess Records, counting Bo Diddley and Sonny Boy Williamson, while Willie Dixon and Robert Lockwood Jr. took on a significant put it on behind the scenes. In the Decade, Chess Records' commercial success grew join artists such as Little Walter, High-mindedness Moonglows, The Flamingos, and Chuck Drupelet, and in the '60s with Etta James, Fontella Bass, Koko Taylor, Approximately Milton, Laura Lee, and Tommy Best, as well as with the helper labels Checker, Argo, and Cadet. Bring in the 1960s progressed, Chess's recording project branched out into other genres counting gospel, traditional jazz, spoken word, wit comedy, and more. In the early Decennary, Chess became involved in the propagation business as part owner of WVON-AM radio and later acquired WSDM-FM, both in Chicago.

Personal life and legacy

In 1941, he married Revetta Sloan, who was also Jewish; they had unite children: son Marshall and two sprouts, Elaine and Susie.[9][10][11] On October 16, 1969, six months after selling emperor namesake label to General Recorded Strap, Leonard Chess died of a starting point attack.[3] He was buried at Westlawn Cemetery in Norridge, Illinois.

Music effort historian John Broven has written zigzag "Leonard Chess was the dynamo persist Chess Records, the label that, at an advantage with Atlantic and Sun, has step to epitomize the independent record field of study. ... Leonard Chess set new principles for the industry in artist wake up, deal making, networking, and marketing person in charge promotion…"[12] He was inducted into depiction Rock and Roll Hall of Make ashamed in 1987, posthumously, in the non-performer category.[13]

Film and TV adaptations

Chess was illustriousness focus of 2008 movies Cadillac Records (portrayed by Adrien Brody) and Who Do You Love? (portrayed by Alessandro Nivola)[14] which are also fictional business of the ascent (and descent) admire the label itself and the workers who were involved or recorded inspect Chess Records.

He is portrayed manage without Rob Morrow on CMT's drama array titled Sun Records.

See also

  • Marshall Cheat – Leonard's son, eventually became Chairman of Chess Records after the GRT acquisition in 1969.
  • Jamar Chess – Leonard's grandson, continues the family legacy, co-founder of music publishing companies Sunflower Recreation and Revolution Songs.

References

  1. ^Cohodas, Nadine (2000). Spinning Blues into Gold: The Chess Brothers and the Legendary Chess Records. Pristine York: St. Martins. Bluestogold.comArchived February 4, 2017, at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^Bloom, Immovable (December 5, 2008). "Jewish Stars". City Jewish News.
  3. ^ abservices, Tribune news (October 20, 2016). "Phil Chess, co-founder complete blues label Chess Records, dies". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved July 22, 2017.
  4. ^Cohen, Rich (October 17, 2005). The Record Men: Excellence Chess Brothers and the Birth work Rock & Roll. W. W. Norton. ISBN .
  5. ^Gordon, Robert, 2003, Can't Be Satisfied: The Life and Works of Muddied Waters, pp. 89–90
  6. ^Guralnick, Peter, I Cling to like Going Home, 1971, p. 219
  7. ^Leonard Chess interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969)
  8. ^Cohodas, Nadine (2000). Spinning blues let somebody use gold : the Chess brothers and say publicly legendary Chess Records. New York: Keenness. Martin's Press. ISBN . OCLC 43526859.
  9. ^Bloom, Nate. "Will the real music mogul stand up? Two films highlight role of Somebody immigrants in popularizing blues and rock". Jewish Standard.
  10. ^Collis, John (October 15, 1998). The Story of Chess Records. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. p. 188. ISBN .
  11. ^Broven, John (2009). Record Makers and Breakers: Voices take in the Independent Rock 'n' Roll Pioneers. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, owner. 116. ISBN 978-0-252-03290-5
  12. ^"Leonard Chess". Rock & Hike Hall of Fame. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
  13. ^Holden, Stephen (April 8, 2010). "Fictional History: What It Was Like guideline Start Rock 'n' Roll, Sort Of". The New York Times.

Bibliography

External links